Last Updated April 27, 2023
Alternate Names:
- Common Law Partner Agreement
- Living Together Agreement
- Non-marital Agreement
- Cohab
What is a Cohabitation Agreement?
A Cohabitation Agreement is a contract made between an unmarried couple (cohabitants) that want to live together, but want to protect their individual interests, as well as determine what rights and responsibilities each person has should the relationship end in the future.
What is the difference between cohabitation and marriage?
Although cohabitation and marriage have some similarities in that they both deal with topics like debt responsibilities, division of assets, support payments, and information regarding children, there are key distinctions between the two, such as:
- No formal or legal step is required to begin cohabiting. For marriage, the partners may need to obtain a marriage license, wait a certain period of time, or hire an officiant. The marriage process can differ from province to province.
- Ending a cohabiting relationship can be an informal process, depending on the specific terms and conditions outlined in the Cohabitation Agreement. Ending a marriage in Canada requires the formal process of filing for divorce or annulment.
- In the event of separation, property is dealt with according to what is stated in the Cohabitation Agreement. With divorce, the value of any shared property is generally equally divided between the two parties, although this can differ between provinces.
- A cohabitant generally does not have the ability to make decisions for the other person should they become ill, mentally incompetent (not of sound mind), or otherwise unable to make legal decisions on their own. Additional documentation, such as a Power of Attorney or Health Care Directive, would provide the ability to do so.
What does a Cohabitation Agreement do?
A Cohabitation Agreement provides security for both partners by addressing how assets, property, and responsibilities regarding children and support payments will be dealt with should the relationship between the cohabitants end, either by separation or death of a partner.
The agreement outlines matters, such as:
- Separation of assets: After separation, any property or items that were owned by one partner before the cohabitation will revert back to being owned by that partner. Any shared property acquired during the cohabitation is divided between partners.
- Debt responsibility: Shared debts, such as co-signed loans that both parties will be responsible for in the event of separation.
- Information on children: Any dependent children that one or both parties have an obligation to support after separation.
- Support payments: Financial support that may be payable to one of the parties depending on financial circumstances after separation.
Who should have a Cohabitation Agreement?
A Cohabitation Agreement is advisable for unmarried couples of all types, including heterosexual or same-sex couples. For couples in long-term relationships that do not wish to get married, a Cohabitation Agreement can offer similar rights that a married couple may have, such as division of property and/or assets, and support payments.